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Human: Scales - a device or instrument for determining the mass of objects (weighing) by the force acting on them, approximately considering it equal to gravity. The weight of an object can be determined either through comparison with the weight of a standard mass (as in balance scales), or through measurement of this force through other physical quantities Archaeologists have found early examples of scales dating back to 5 thousand years ago, which were used in Mesopotamia. Scales are visible on papyrus from Dynasty XIX (around 1250 BC). According to the ancient Egyptian "Book of the Dead," Anubis weighs the heart of every deceased person on special scales, where a feather of justice from the goddess Maat serves as the weight. Historians attribute the invention of a fundamentally new system for measuring weight to the Romans - one in which the weight moves, while the point of support and position of the hook remain unchanged. In Pompeii, an early counterweight was found. The Roman device had two scales and two handles in the shape of hooks, unlike modern ones.