Wooden Clock

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The term horologia, derived from the Greek words ὥρα (hour) and λέγειν (to tell), originally referred to early mechanical clocks, yet its widespread use across various Romance languages obscures the fundamental nature of these timekeeping mechanisms.The breakthrough in accuracy arrived around 1656 with the invention of the pendulum clock. Galileo's innovative idea to employ a swinging bob as a regulator for time-keeping devices emerged earlier in the 17th century, but it was Christiaan Huygens who is generally credited with its development. He established the mathematical equation linking pendulum length and time (approximately 99.4 cm or 39.1 inches for one second's movement) and had the first pendulum-driven clock constructed. The initial model clock was built in 1657 within the Hague, but it was England that adopted this concept. English clockmaker William Clement created the longcase clock, also known as the grandfather clock, around 1670 or 1671 to house the pendulum and its workings. This period also marked the beginning of using wood for clock cases and enamel and hand-painted ceramics for clock faces.