Vestalis Maxima

myminifactory

The most prominent of all the priestesses dedicated to the cult of Vesta was the Vestalis Maxima, depicted wearing a mural crown. In ancient Rome, the Vestals or Vestal Virgins served as priestesses to Vesta, goddess of the hearth and home. The College of the Vestals and their well-being were considered essential for Rome's continued prosperity and security. They carefully maintained the sacred flame that was never allowed to burn out. The Vestals were exempt from normal social duties to marry and have children, and took a vow of celibacy in order to devote themselves to studying and accurately performing state rituals that were off-limits to male priestly colleges. The chief Vestal (Virgo Vestalis Maxima or Vestalium Maxima, "greatest of the Vestals") supervised the efforts of the Vestals and participated in the College of Pontiffs. The Vestalis Maxima Occia led the Vestals for an impressive 57 years, according to Tacitus' account. The last known chief vestal was Coelia Concordia, who stepped down in 394 when the College of the Vestals disbanded. The Vestalium Maxima held a position of great importance among Rome's high priestesses. The Flaminica Dialis and the regina sacrorum each had unique responsibilities for certain religious rites, but entered office as part of a couple. From Rome, the Roman Forum features the House of the Vestal Virgins.