Ultrasonic experiments 6: Michelson interferometer

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### Ultrasonic Experiments 6: Michelson Interferometer ### I have developed a series of experiments with ultrasound waves that students in upper-level physics lessons can conduct. The experiments will be presented in arbitrary order in the future. These experiments include: 1. Reflection and Absorption of Ultrasonic Waves 2. Standing Waves 3. Interference with Two Transmitters 4. Double-Slit Experiment 5. Effect of a Semipermeable Plate <b> 6: Michelson Interferometer </b> 7. Mach-Zehnder Interferometer 8. Distance Measurement with an Arduino #### Components #### <b> Circuit Board Mount: </b> I used a 5cm x 7cm board for the circuit, which is sufficient for the ultrasonic sound generator. I chose a standard circuit for the generator using the NE555. The electrical circuit is shown in a pdf file. The mount can be printed without support. <b> Mount for Horn: </b> This print is the mount for the transmitter horn and receiver horn. Support is not necessary. <b> Horn: </b> I chose an angle of approximately 20 degrees for this horn. Support is not necessary. <b> Base: </b> For this part, I used the excellent work of jandetlefsen and his thing http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1412135. I could not find anything more suitable nor could I develop something better myself. Support is not necessary <b> Nut M3: </b> A generic nut for M3 for the 20x20 aluminium profile system: Five of these are needed for the experiment. <b> Mount for Reflection Plate: </b> The mount for the aluminium plates <b> Semipermeable Plate: </b> This semi-permeable plate consists of squares with a side length of 7mm (an area of 50mm²) with a square cutout with a side length of 5mm (an area of 25mm²) <b> Connector: </b> ... to connect four 20x20 aluminium profiles. Support is not necessary. <b> Mount for Connector: </b> With a screw M3, this part can be movably mounted on the connector. Support is necessary. <b> Pointer: </b> For an exact determination of the wavelength, this pointer is helpful. Clamp the pointer to one of the two screens and move the screen very slowly in one direction. #### Things You Need More #### <b> Aluminium Profiles: </b> I recommend four 30cm or 40cm long profiles for this experiment. <b> Screws and Nuts: </b> A lot of M3 screws for mounting on the profiles (M3 x 10mm, M3 x 16mm). Some M5 screws and nuts for the bases. <b> Aluminium Plates: </b> For the reflection screen, I recommend two plates of 100mm x 150mm. All plates have a thickness of 2mm. #### Results of the Experiment #### If you move one of the two reflectors very slowly in a direction, you can see that the signal shows a maximum (or a minimum) every 0.4mm. A hairdryer can now easily be used to display an ether wind.