TGV SE

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The TGV Sud-Est, also known as the PSE or SE, is the first generation of TGV trains operated by SNCF. It is characterized by its original orange paint scheme. The cars were built starting in 1978 and entered commercial service in 1980 (after a test campaign), to operate the Paris-Lyon route on the opening of the LGV Sud-Est in 1981. Additionally, a tri-courant version was created to serve Switzerland; all related elements were retired by 2012. Since 2012, the bi-courant trains have been progressively removed from service. The technical document of 1975 mentions a "mixed version", equipped with thermal traction equipment derived from those of the TGV 001, which would then allow for non-electrified lines to be served. This version of the South-East trains never existed. The first cars were built starting in 1978. Those numbered 01 and 02, nicknamed "Patrick" and "Sophie", are tested at 260 km/h for two years on the Alsace plain line (between Strasbourg and Colmar), under a 25 kV-50 Hz catenary (which corresponds to the operating conditions of the future LGV Sud-Est). Subsequently, tests were conducted under a 1,500 V continuous catenary, between Les Aubrais and Vierzon or on the long straight line between Facture and Morcenx, as well as in the Capvern ramp (slope of 33 ‰, which is equivalent to the ramps of 35 ‰ of the LGV Sud-Est). The train number 16 has also set a speed record on the said LGV, reaching 380 km/h on February 26, 1981. The commercial deployment of South-East trains takes place in 1980, on relations between Paris and Lyon via the classic line. On September 27, 1981, the first section of this LGV is opened, a few days after its official inauguration by President François Mitterrand (on February 22), allowing then commercial circulations at high speed. The TGV South-East trains were originally limited to 260 km/h in commercial service, then to 270 km/h since summer 1982. They have been modified (modified gear ratios, improved transformer cooling), and can now reach 300 km/h (although some trains, no longer in service, such as those used by Lyria, remain limited to 270 km/h). When put into service, the PSE cars were painted orange bright. The train number 84 will be the last to pass through Bischheim workshops of SNCF, from May 22 to July 19, 2001. They wear a "metallic gray with blue Atlantic band" paint scheme applicable to the majority of other TGV series and have undergone a deep renovation like the entire park still in Roger Tallon design.