Portrait of Emperor Alexander I

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Alexander I, also known as Aleksandr Pavlovich, was born on December 23, 1777, in St. Petersburg, Russia. He died on December 1, 1825, in Taganrog. As the emperor of Russia from 1801 to 1825, Alexander I led a life marked by both conflict and friendship with Napoleon I during the Napoleonic Wars. Ultimately, he played a key role in forming the coalition that defeated Napoleon's forces between 1813 and 1815. At the Congress of Vienna in 1814-15, Alexander I worked to establish his vision for Europe. He also drove the creation of the Holy Alliance in 1815 and participated in subsequent conferences.