Parthenon Frieze _ South XLIII, 130-131-132

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Youths leading a heifer to sacrifice. Block XLIII (fig. 130-131-132). The south side of the frieze is preserved fragmentarily and the sculptured surface was badly damaged in the tremendous catastrophe suffered by the Parthenon in the explosion of 1687. This is why the sequence from block XX on is uncertain. Even so, the Carrey drawings show the representations on many missing sections and have enabled us to locate a number of existing fragments. The original length of the frieze along the south side was 58.70 meters. It was composed of forty-seven blocks, some of which are exhibited in the Acropolis Museum, others in the British Museum. The average width of each block is 1.22 meters. The workmanship as a whole is clearly less skillful than that of the north frieze, although some scenes may be numbered among the masterpieces of the Parthenon (blocks III, X, XI, XXVI, XXXI and XLIV). The procession begins at the west corner and proceeds toward the right. The variety of pose, garment, and movement of figures and animals seen in the north frieze is missing here. The riders move in a straight line, looking straight ahead, with a single exception on block V, rider 13. The varied rendition of the horses' trimmed manes reflects their speed of movement. As in the north frieze, the sections evident in the south are: a) the horsemen, b) the chariots, and c) the sacrificial procession. It is likely that the arrangement of the horsemen in the procession was according to tribe, following the political organization of the Athenian state. The variation seen in garments appears to support this interpretation. The horsemen of the first group (2-7) wear a fox-hide cap, short chiton, chlamys, and boots, while those of the second group (8-13) only wear chlamys. In the third group, the horsemen (14-19) wear a short cuirass over a short chiton and boots. The horsemen of the fourth group (20-25) are clad in short chiton and chlamys, while those of the fifth (26-31) wear an anatomical cuirass over a short chiton and boots. The horsemen of the sixth group (32-37) wear a fox-skin cap, short chiton over which is a cuirass with flaps, and boots. Those of the seventh group (38-43) wear a helmet of Athenian type, short chiton, chlamys, and boots, while those of the eighth group (44-49) wear chlamys over short chiton and boots. The riders of the ninth group (50-55) are clad in petasos, short chiton, chlamys, and boots. The last group comprises horsemen (56-61) wearing short chiton and boots. Then comes the procession of chariots, which is very fragmentary and preserved only in interrupted stretches. Five blocks are missing altogether. Ten chariots are in the course, each taking up a single block. Some chariots are standing still, some starting, and some racing full speed ahead (XXXI). Depicted on the following blocks is the procession of the sacrifice. Taking part are thallophoroi with olive branches, musicians with citharas, skaphephoroi with offering trays, and animals with their herdsmen. The frieze of the Parthenon forms a continuous band with scenes in low relief that encircles the upper part of the cella, the main temple, within the outer colonnade. The theme represented was the procession toward the Acropolis that took place during the Great Panathenaia, the commemoration of the birthday of the goddess Athena. Numbering taken from I. Jenkins, The Parthenon Frieze, 1994. Frieze slabs are marked in Roman numerals, people are marked in Arabic numerals.