Mother of God

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The Council of Ephesus ruled decisively in 431 that Mary is the revered title Mother of God because her son Jesus embodies both divinity and humanity: one divine person combining two inseparable natures (divine and human) in an intimate and essential union. The term Theotokos also designates a distinctive Eastern icon style, or type of image, portraying the Mother with Child - a motif commonly referred to as Madonna in Western tradition, as seen in famous icons like "the Theotokos of Vladimir," both for its original 12th-century creation and for later copies emulating its classic composition.