Mini Venturi Tube

myminifactory

A Small Tube with Variable Internal Diameter and Barbs for Demonstrating Bernoulli's Principle, Head Loss, and Venturi Effect The device consists of a small tube with adjustable internal diameter and barbs, designed to illustrate Bernoulli's principle and head loss. The barbs are intended to fit standard airline tubing from aquarium air pumps, with an inner diameter of 3/16 inch. Bernoulli's equation for incompressible flow along a streamline is given by: 1/2*v^2 + g*z + p/ρ = constant Where: v = velocity g = acceleration due to gravity z = change in height p = pressure ρ = density By adjusting the diameter of the tube and changing fluid velocity, relative pressure drops. This phenomenon is also known as the venturi effect, although a traditional venturi nozzle would be used to measure pressure drop over a single constriction. With multiple diameters, flow is likely turbulent, resulting in noticeable loss due to friction and bends in the model at the intake. This can be a point of discussion. Link to relevant wiki articles: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernoulli%27s_principle https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venturi_effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_head OPERATION: 1. Choose an intake side and apply tubing with barbs. 2. Fix the model to a surface perpendicular to another surface where a measuring instrument can be applied. 3. Ensure the intake tube and water level of the reservoir are below the level of the tubes used for pressure measurement, preventing overflow. 4. The reservoir should be open to the air. A clip or fold in the tube can serve as a valve. 5. If a constant water level is desired in the reservoir, use an inverted container filled with water at the height of the desired water level. The pressure at each point relative to atmosphere can be calculated using the height of the water column (tube) multiplied by the density of the fluid and force of gravity: ρ*g*h Internal diameters for each section: Intake/exit: 3 mm Smaller mid pipe diameter: 7.5 mm Larger mid pipe diameter: 15 mm