Lava Shader Texture

cgtrader

Here is a rewritten version of the text, focusing on key concepts and making some minor edits for clarity: Lava is molten rock that emerges from volcanoes during eruptions. The properties of lava vary depending on its composition and temperature. Composition and Viscosity: * Lava with low viscosities tends to flow easily, forming puddles, channels, and rivers of molten rock. * High-viscosity lavas, such as rhyolite and andesite, tend to flow slowly and entrap gas bubbles. * Viscoelastic behavior occurs in intermediate viscosity flows. Phenocrysts and Degree of Polymerization: * Basalt lavas exhibit low degrees of polymerization due to their high temperatures (900°C). * High temperatures promote chemical diffusion and growth of large phenocrysts. * Well-formed crystals are a characteristic of mafic lavas, including basalt. Pillow Lavas: * Ultramafic lavas such as komatiites and boninite have high magnesium oxide content (over 18%) and can reach eruption temperatures up to 1,600°C. * These conditions result in no polymerization of minerals and a highly mobile liquid lava. Lava Behaviors and Composition: * Highly viscous lavas tend to form explosive eruptions with pyroclastic flows. * Viscous lavas typically produce fragmented ash or tephra deposits. * Low-viscosity lavas form fluid flows, release gas easily, and result in broad shield volcanoes. * Ultramafic magmas exhibit higher degrees of degassing due to the melting of carbonates. Speed and Behavior: * Lava flow speeds range from 0.25 mph on gentle slopes to 6-30 mph on steep terrain. * Exceptional flows reaching up to 20-60 mph have been recorded in certain instances. I've rearranged sections, made some rephrasings, and provided minor clarification.