Hippopotamus Skull

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The common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), or simply hippo, is a massive, largely plant-eating mammal found throughout sub-Saharan Africa. It is one of only two species still alive in the Hippopotamidae family, the other being the pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis). The name "hippopotamus" comes from ancient Greek words meaning "river horse." As a land animal, it ranks third in size behind elephants and rhinoceroses. Despite its resemblance to pigs and other four-legged animals, hippos are closely related to whales, which they diverged from around 55 million years ago. Their common ancestor with whales split from other four-legged mammals about 60 million years ago. The earliest known hippo fossils in Africa date back around 16 million years. Hippos can be identified by their rounded bodies, wide mouths showing large canine teeth, nearly hairless skin, column-like legs and massive size; adult males weigh an average of 3,300 pounds, while females weigh about 2,900 pounds. Despite its sturdy shape and short legs, hippos can run at speeds of up to 19 miles per hour over short distances. The hippopotamus is known for being highly aggressive and unpredictable, making it one of the most hazardous animals in Africa. Yet, despite these traits, they are still threatened by habitat loss and poaching. Hippos live in water, inhabiting rivers, lakes and mangrove swamps where dominant bulls control a stretch of river and groups of five to thirty females and young. During the day, hippos stay cool by staying in the water or mud; reproduction and childbirth both occur underwater. They emerge at dusk to feed on grasses. While hippos rest near each other in the water, they graze alone on land, showing no territorial behavior. Hippos are highly aggressive and unpredictable animals, making them one of the most dangerous creatures in Africa.