fatih sultan mehmed han

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The seventh sultan of the Ottoman Empire. Historical records list his name as Muhammad, similar to that of other sultans named Mehmed. He initially ruled for a short period from 1444-46 before taking control again in 1451 and reigning until his death in 1481, spanning thirty years. Mehmed II, also known as The Conqueror, is one of the most famous sultans of the Ottoman Empire due to his intelligence. He first ruled briefly from 1444 to 1446 after his father's passing. Later, Sultan Murad II relinquished the throne but upon his death, Mehmed II took control of the Ottoman Empire once more, ruling from 1451 until 1481. Mehmed II was a brilliant statesman and military leader with interests in literature, fine arts, and monumental architecture. He received an education from renowned scholar Aksemseddin and was reportedly fluent in seven languages, according to Ottoman historians. Mehmed II was born on March 29-30, 1432, as the son of Sultan Murad I and Huma Hatun in Edirne. His early childhood was spent in Edirne before he became motivated to take Constantinople following a prophecy by Prophet Muhammad that decades earlier foretold its conquest; "One day, Constantinople will be conquered. How wonderful and blessed are the commander of its conquest and his soldiers!" Mehmed II led the Ottoman Empire to victory over the Byzantine Empire by conquering Constantinople in 1453, marking the end of the Middle Ages and solidifying the Ottoman Empire's position. He earned the nickname "The Conqueror" after taking Istanbul on May 29, 1453. The conquest of Istanbul marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and ushered in a period of urban revival under Mehmed II and his successors. Following the capture of Istanbul, Mehmed II embarked on a series of campaigns that led to an extensive expansion of direct Ottoman rule. After conquering the city, he marched towards Morea and captured several cities in Greece one after another. However, he was threatened from behind by the Karaman principality and turned his attention to Anatolia to defeat them and annex their territory. He then conquered the region near the western Black Sea and appointed Kızıl Ahmet as governor, who was also the founder of the Isfen-diyar principality. Mehmed II subsequently fought against Uzun Hasan, the ruler of the Akkoyunlus, and emerged victorious. The territories that fell under Mehmed II's control included Serbia, Greece, the Empire of Trezibizond, Wallachia, Bosnia, Karaman, Albania, and several Venetian and Genoese maritime establishments.