Coronation Stone of Motecuhzoma II (Stone of the Five Suns), 1503

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The Art Institute of Chicago proudly presents an iconic stone carving that holds a sacred place in Aztec history. Coronation Stone of Motecuhzoma II, or the Stone of the Five Suns, tells a powerful story of the emperor's reign, spanning 1503. Created from dense basalt, this quadrangular block measures 55.9 x 66 x 22.9 cm, standing as a testament to Aztec ingenuity and artistry. Donated by the Major Acquisitions Fund in 1990, Coronation Stone of Motecuhzoma II is now showcased in Gallery 136, nestled within the collection of African Art and Indian Art of the Americas. Once an integral part of the ritual center of Tenochtitlan, this ancient monument has witnessed the rise and fall of empires. Carved with precision and flair, Coronation Stone of Motecuhzoma II stands as a tangible connection to the cosmic scheme cherished by the Aztecs. Four quadrants tell the story of successive cosmic eras – 4 Jaguar, 4 Wind, 4 Rain, and 4 Water – that begin from the time of creation and culminate with the present era represented by the X motif. Motecuhzoma II's coronation in the year 11 Reed is commemorated in a square cartouche, while the date "1 Crocodile" alludes to July 15, the day his ceremony took place. In contrast, the hieroglyphic date on the underside marks the beginning of creation itself. Thus, this remarkable sculpture underscores Motecuhzoma II's claim to rulership as an integral part of the cosmos. In its essence, Coronation Stone of Motecuhzoma II showcases the cyclical nature of Aztec life and reign. Through its artistry and historical significance, this relic testifies to the cultural richness and cosmic imagination of the Aztecs.