Case 2292 Station 15

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A critical brain injury typically results from a severe head trauma, causing bleeding under the dura mater that surrounds the brain's surface, known as a subdural hematoma. This condition often requires surgical intervention in the form of a perventricular shunt to alleviate increased intracranial pressure and prevent further damage. Encephalomalacia can also occur due to prolonged lack of oxygen to the brain tissue, leading to softening or atrophy of the affected areas. Furthermore, superficial siderosis may develop as a complication, characterized by the presence of blood in the subarachnoid space that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, causing severe inflammation and potentially life-threatening consequences.