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How a cylinder operates A cylinder is an essential component in internal combustion engines, where it undergoes a series of processes to generate power. The cylinder is a closed chamber made up of a cylinder head, a piston, and a cylinder block. Air-fuel mixture enters the cylinder, ignites and expands during the combustion process, pushing the piston downward. This movement converts the pressure energy into mechanical work that rotates the crankshaft, thereby powering the vehicle.