Bust of the Apollo Belvedere

Bust of the Apollo Belvedere

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This distinctive bust of Apollo is crafted after the renowned Apollo Belvedere in the Vatican, where it was first documented in 1509 (Haskell and Penny, op. cit., p. 148). The present bust stands out since, unlike most 18th-century busts after the Vatican original, this is not a direct replica. Its unusual curved truncation and prominently open-mouthed expression diverge from the original and align with the late Roman Baroque style. The expression, featuring large, unincised eyes, and wavy tendrils of hair, recall St Sebastian by Paolo Campi (active 1702-1742) in the church of S. Agnese in Piazza Navona, Rome (Engass, op. cit., fig. 182). The truncation recalls the expressive busts carved in Rome by Lambert-Sigisbert Adam (1700-1759) and other late Baroque Roman busts. Compare this with his Neptune and Amphitrite at Sanssouci, Potsdam, circa 1726. Adam carved after the antique, most famously executing a Ludovisi Mars for Cardinal Melchior de Polignac in 1730, also now in Potsdam. Note the beautifully finished reverse which recalls the surface of the terrasse of the S. Camillus de Lellis in St Peters Basilica, Rome, by Pietro Pacilli (1720-1772), 1753; Pacilli carved the Apollo Belvedere at Woburn Abbey. The virtuoso undercutting in the hair would undoubtedly have been fully appreciated by the Roman sculptor Benedetto Pistrucci from whose collection the bust was inherited.

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