Bust of Augusta Wilhelmine Luise Princess of Hesse-Kassel, Duchess of Cambridge

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The exciting rediscovery of this fine portrait of Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge by one of Germany’s most renowned 19th-century sculptors, Christian Daniel Rauch, is noted in the 1996 monograph on the artist as ‘untraced’ (Simson, p. 342). The plaster model was created in 1833 and recorded as being in the Rauch-Museum, Berlin but it has now vanished. No other versions of this portrait have been documented. At the insistence of the German Grand Ducal family, Rauch visited Schloss Neustrelitz, the main residence of the ruling dukes and grand dukes, in the summer of 1833. Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge was visiting at the same time and Rauch was asked to craft a portrait bust of her. He molded the plaster of the Duchess on July 27 and as Rauch noted in his diary, the initial portrait was completed in clay on August 15 and one day later it was already perfected (Simson, p. 342). In his letters, Rauch notes that the marble version of the portrait was finished in 1834 and that the bust was intended to be delivered to the Duke of Cambridge at Christmas in 1834 but due to damage on the socle, Rauch had to postpone the shipment. The marble was finally sent to the Duke in January of 1835, presumably to the Duke and Duchess’s home in Hanover. While some literature incorrectly mentions that the marble bust was dated 1834 (the year Rauch completed his carving), we now know that he physically dated the marble (the present piece) 1833, the date the original model was finished. Indeed, it has been brought to our attention that Rauch frequently dated his marbles to the year he produced the original model. During the course of his illustrious career, Christian Daniel Rauch gained favor with the King of Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm III, who recognized the young sculptor's talents and awarded him a stipend to travel to Italy in 1805. It was in Rome where Rauch befriended Antonio Canova and Bertel Thorvaldsen, the famous Neoclassical sculptors, and developed his own distinctive style. Rauch’s first major assignment came in 1811, when he was commissioned to create the funerary monument of Queen Louise of Prussia. Returning permanently to Berlin after 1818, his reputation as an exceptional portraitist now firmly established, he became one of the most sought-after sculptors for busts and statues of military officials, aristocrats, and monarchs, and received commissions from numerous European royal families. Princess and Landgravine Augusta of Hesse-Kassel, third daughter of Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Kassel, was a great-granddaughter of George II of Great Britain. On May 7 in Kassel, and then again on June 1, 1818 at Buckingham Palace, Princess Augusta married her second cousin, Adolphus Frederick of Hanover, son of George III and the first Duke of Cambridge. From 1818 until the accession of Queen Victoria, and the separation of the British and Hanoverian crowns in 1837, the Duchess of Cambridge resided in Hanover, where the Duke served as viceroy on behalf of his brothers, George IV and William IV. The Duke and Duchess returned to Great Britain, where they lived at Cambridge Cottage, Kew, and later at St. James's Palace. She was interred at St. Anne's Church, Kew, but her remains were later transferred to St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. German, signed and dated 1833 From the Master Paintings and Sculpture Day Sale, 31st January 2019, New York, Sotheby's. Sold for $32,500.