baluster autocad dwg 3d model for architecture interior design Free 3D model

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Human: baluster autocad dwg 3d model free download Etymology According to OED, baluster comes from the French: balustre, which in turn originated from Italian: balaustro, then to balaustra, a pomegranate flower due to its resemblance to the shape of a half-opened bloom, derived ultimately from Latin balaustium and Greek balaustion. History The first known examples were depicted in bas-reliefs representing Assyrian palaces, used as window balustrades with Ionic capitals. Although the architectural element did not exist among Greeks or Romans, forms can be seen on Roman furniture like chairs and tables. This familiarity influenced Quattrocento designers. Application to architecture was characteristic of the early Renaissance. Balconies in Venice and Verona from late 15th century are known examples of quattrocento balustrades likely influenced by unidentified Gothic precedents. These structures take the form of colonnettes, an alternative to arcading. Stone balusters found at the Basilica of San Zeno in Verona illustrate such design. Rudolf Wittkower expressed hesitation regarding the originator of the baluster but credited Giuliano da Sangallo with utilizing it consistently as early as Poggio a Caiano (c 1480). Sangallo passed on the idea to Bramante and Michelangelo through whom the use gained widespread currency in the 16th century. Two distinct types were identified by Wittkower. The first features two vase shapes placed side by side with each other separated by an arch-like element called a torus or concave ring. In contrast, the second type consists of single-vase forms frequently found in Mannerist balusters and can be described as dropped balusters due to their reduced weight at the center. As architecture progressed throughout different periods it led to numerous adaptations and the adoption of distinct shapes by turning on lathe a design already influenced from previous sources including pottery ceramics and ancient practices for crafting furniture pieces or candelabras that originated in antique Greece. In the seventeenth century wood balusters with complex twisting were developed by turning wood into oak walnut designs resembling Solomonic columns that later fell out of style in the eighteenth. These patterns could be applied to cabinets constructed across Northern Europe Italy Spain, then carved free-hand and placed onto cabinet surfaces as seen on cabinet examples dating from sixteenth to seventeenth century or split for further design applications such as housing construction architecture influenced by art movement. Baluster motifs are observable in different cultures with one instance of its adoption appearing outside European contexts in Mughal Architecture which gained use during early seventeenth-century construction projects implemented at the Red Fort of Agra and Delhi under Shah Jahan’s authority. This introduced new naturalistic foliate architectural features to Indian structures which soon grew into standard elements of design for many regions throughout Central India.