Athena Parthenos

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Athena Parthenos, literally "Athena the Pure," is a lost colossal masterpiece carved from gold and ivory, depicting the Greek goddess Athena. Created by Phidias and his skilled assistants, this iconic sculpture was once proudly displayed in the magnificent Parthenon of Athens. Despite the Parthenon's dynamic architectural features, the statue of Athena stood as the central focus, embodying the essence of the revered goddess herself. Countless replicas and inspired works, both ancient and modern, have been crafted in its likeness. This particular replica, a smaller scale representation, dates back to the second quarter of the 2nd century AD. The Athena Parthenos was renowned as Athens' most celebrated cult image, hailed as one of the greatest artistic achievements by Phidias, the most acclaimed sculptor of ancient Greece. Phidias began his work on this masterpiece around 447 BC. However, fate took a turn when Lachares stripped the gold sheets from the statue in 296 BC to finance his troops. In response, bronze replacements were likely gilded thereafter. Unfortunately, the sculpture suffered damage from a fire about 165 BC but was meticulously restored. A written account mentions its presence in Constantinople as far back as the 10th century.