Amygdaloidal basalt (igneous rock), Romania

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Locality: Romania Size: 7 cm x 6 cm x 4 cm Type: Igneous extrusive (volcanic) rock Description: Basalt is a fine-grained volcanic rock, primarily composed of plagioclase, pyroxene, and various opaque minerals such as magnetite and ilmenite. Typically, basalts exhibit a hypocrystalline, aphanitic texture, often accompanied by porphyric characteristics. As magma erupts, dissolved gases can form bubbles within the molten rock. These trapped bubbles may be filled with quartz, calcite, or other minerals when groundwater or hot solutions associated with volcanic activity pass through the porous lava over time. The resulting cavities are referred to as amygdales, and a basalt rock containing numerous amygdales is classified as amygdaloidal. Essential minerals: plagioclase, mafic minerals (such as pyroxenes, hornblende, or biotite) Non-essential minerals: hornblende, biotite, or pyroxenes Website: http://geology.uaic.ro/muzee/mineralogie/ Concept & 3D-modelling by dr. Andrei Ionut APOPEI