Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN)

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Galaxies are massive, gravity-holding systems composed of stars, gas, dust, stellar explosion leftovers (known as supernova remnants), star-forming areas, and mysterious dark matter. The Milky Way is the galaxy that hosts our solar system. In certain cases, a galaxy can be identified by an extremely bright central area, much brighter than its host galaxy in all other aspects. These regions are classified as Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). AGN are powerful emitters of non-thermal radiation across almost every wavelength band, including radio waves, optical light, ultraviolet rays, and X-rays. According to the latest research findings, AGN have a massive black hole at their center, surrounded by an accretion disk of scorching hot gas nearby, and a larger torus-shaped area of cooler gas farther away. Strongly focused bipolar jets primarily emitting in the radio band shoot out perpendicularly from the disk's and the torus' plane.